Patents, trademarks, copyrights and trade secrets comparedReviewed 9 November 2026
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Glossary

Utility patent
A patent on a new and useful process, machine, article of manufacture or composition of matter; generally 20 years from filing.
Design patent
A patent on the ornamental design of an article; 15 years from grant for applications filed on or after May 13, 2015.
Trademark
A word, phrase, symbol or design that identifies the source of goods or services.
Trade secret
Valuable business information protected by being kept secret rather than registered.
Provisional application
A lower-cost U.S. filing that holds a filing date for 12 months; it is not examined and must be followed by a nonprovisional application to keep the date.
USPTO
The United States Patent and Trademark Office.
Patent attorney
A lawyer admitted to a state bar who has also passed the patent bar and is registered with the USPTO.
Patent agent
A non-lawyer registered by the USPTO to prepare and prosecute patent applications.